Rajasthan Wikipedia. This article is about the Indian state. For the area of the ancient city of Samarkand, see Registan. For the desert in Afghanistan, see Rigestan. Rajasthan Hindustani pronunciation radstan  listen literally, Land of Kings4 is Indias largest state by area 3. Indias total area. Study Daily Current Affairs from Daily GK Update on Bankersadda and Adda247 app, and stay updated as well as prepare for General Awareness section of bank exams. Rajasthan GK Questions in Hindi. Find Rajasthan Board Class 10 Question Papers, Rajasthan Board Class 10 Exam Papers and more. Subscribe Jagran Josh for latest update on Rajasthan Board. Current gk question in hindi pdf 2017 Current Affairs 2017 PDF Prepare for 2017 Exams with General Awareness PDF. Latest Current Affairs Current Affairs Today. Apply for Govt Jobs in Rajasthan. Get Latest Rajasthan Govt Jobs, Vacancy in Rajasthan. Check Government of Rajasthan Job Notifications www. rajasthan. gov. in. It is located on the north western side of the India, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert also known as the Rajasthan Desert and Great Indian Desert and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej Indus river valley. Elsewhere it is bordered by five5 other Indian states Punjab to the north Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast Madhya Pradesh to the southeast and Gujarat to the southwest. Major features include the ruins of the Indus Valley Civilisation at Kalibanga the Dilwara Temples, a Jain pilgrimage site at Rajasthans only hill station, Mount Abu, in the ancient Aravalli mountain range and, in eastern Rajasthan, the Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, a World Heritage Site6 known for its bird life. Rajasthan is also home to three national tiger reserves, the Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur, Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar and Mukundra Hill Tiger Reserve in Kota. The state was formed on 3. March 1. 94. 9 when Rajputana  the name adopted by the British Raj for its dependencies in the region7  was merged into the Dominion of India. Its capital and largest city is Jaipur. Other important cities are Jodhpur, Udaipur, Bikaner, Kota and Ajmer. EtymologyeditThe first mention of the name Rajasthan appears in the 1. Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India, while the earliest known record of Rajputana as a name for the region is in George Thomass 1. Military Memories. 8John Keay, in his book India A History, stated that Rajputana was coined by the British in 1. John Briggs, translating Ferishtas history of early Islamic India, used the phrase Rajpoot Rajput princes rather than Indian princes. 9HistoryeditAncienteditParts of what is now Rajasthan were partly part of the Vedic Civilisation and Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan, in Hanumangarh district, was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization. 1. Matsya Kingdom of the Vedic civilisation of India, is said to roughly corresponded to the former state of Jaipur in Rajasthan and included the whole of Alwar with portions of Bharatpur. 1. The capital of Matsya was at Viratanagar modern Bairat, which is said to have been named after its founder king Virata. 1. Bhargava1. 4 identifies the two districts of Jhunjhunu and Sikar and parts of Jaipur district along with Haryana districts of Mahendragarh and Rewari as part of Vedic state of Brahmavarta. Bhargava also locates the present day Sahibi River as the Vedic Drishadwati River, which along with Saraswati River formed the borders of the Vedic state of Brahmavarta. 1. Manu and Bhrigu narrated the Manusmriti to a congregation of seers in this area only. Ashrams of Vedic seers Bhrigu and his son Chayvan Rishi, for whom Chyawanprash was formulated, were near Dhosi Hill part of which lies in Dhosi village of Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan and part lies in Mahendragarh district of Haryana. The Western Kshatrapas 4. BC, the Saka rulers of the western part of India, were successors to the Indo Scythians, and were contemporaneous with the Kushans, who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Indo Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era with their calendar, marking the beginning of the long lived Saka Western Satraps state. 1. ClassicaleditGurjarseditGurjars ruled for many dynasties in this part of the country, the region was known as Gurjaratra. 1. Up to the tenth century almost the whole of North India, acknowledged the supremacy of the Gurjars with their seat of power at Kannauj. 1. Gurjara PratiharaeditThe Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as a barrier for Arab invaders from the 8th to the 1. The chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west, starting in the days of Junaid. Historian R. C. Majumdar says that this was openly acknowledged by the Arab writers. He further notes that historians of India have wondered at the slow progress of Muslim invaders in India, as compared with their rapid advance in other parts of the world. Now there seems little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army that effectively barred the progress of the Arabs beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly 3. Medieval and Early ModerneditHistorical tribeseditTraditionally the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, REBARI, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, Phul. Mali Saini and other tribes made a great contribution in building the state of Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land. Millions of them were killed trying to protect their land. A number of Gurjars had been exterminated in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas fighting with the invaders. Bhils once ruled Kota. Meenas were rulers of Bundi, Hadoti and the Dhundhar region. 1. The powerful Meenas ruled over Dhundhar region, Hadoti and many other places in Rajasthan until 1. Major rulerseditHemu, the Hindu Emperor, was born in the village of Machheri in Alwar District in 1. He won 2. 2 battles against Afghans, from Punjab to Bengal including states of Ajmer and Alwar in Rajasthan, and defeated Akbars forces twice at Agra and Delhi in 1. Battle of Delhi2. Delhi and establishing the Hindu Raj in North India, albeit for a short duration, from Purana Quila in Delhi. Hem Chandra was killed in the battlefield at Second Battle of Panipat fighting against Mughals on 5 November 1. Maharana Pratap of Mewar resisted Akbar in the famous Battle of Haldighati 1. The Bhils were Maharanas main allies during these wars. Most of these attacks were repulsed even though the Mughal forces outnumbered Mewar Rajputs in all the wars fought between them. The Haldighati war was fought between 1. Mewaris and a 1. 00,0. Mughal force including many Rajputs like Kachwahas from Dhundhar. Jat king Maharaja Suraj Mal February 1. December 1. 76. 5 or Sujan Singh was ruler of Bharatpur in Rajasthan. A contemporary historian has described him as the Plato of the Jat people and by a modern writer as the Jat Odysseus, because of his political sagacity, steady intellect, and clear vision. 2. Rajput martial historyeditRajput families rose to prominence in the 6th century CE. The Rajputs put up a valiant resistance to the Islamic invasions and protected the Indian subcontinent with their warfare and chivalry for more than 1. Later, the Turks, Afghans and Persians through skilled warfare, were able to get a firm grip on northern India, including parts of Rajasthan. The Ranas of Mewar led other kingdoms in its resistance to outside rule. Rana Hammir Singh, defeated the Tughlaq dynasty and recovered a large portion of Rajasthan. The indomitable Rana Kumbha defeated the Sultans of Malwa and Gujarat and made Mewar the most powerful Rajput Kingdom in India. The ambitious Rana Sanga united the various Rajput clans and fought against the foreign powers in India. Rana Sanga defeated the Afghan Lodi Empire of Delhi and crushed the Turkic Sultanates of Malwa and Gujarat.